Reply/Comment to this "mother post" with a few discoveries of your own - be sure to post the definition of a FORM and at least one other TERM (It would work well if the additional term you choose to define is an element of your form). IF you retrieve your info from another website or book (and I'm sure you shall find it somewhere), be sure to cite your source in your response by simply supplying us with a hyperlink back to the web page or with author, book title, and year. Do NOT repeat terms or forms that have already been posted (This, therefore, requires you to read what has already been posted carefully). I encourage you to try creating or finding an example of the form that you've chosen to define.
Here's a definition served up with an example. I also defined a few extra terms seeing as these are basics - these we need to know up front. You need only define ONE form and ONE term. These definitions were found on poetryfoundation.org.
Villanelle
A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a final quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating alternately in the following stanzas. These two refrain lines form the final couplet in the quatrain. See “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan Thomas.
stanza - A grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free verse, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in mood, time, or thought.
quatrain - A four-line stanza, rhyming (in some sort of pattern). For example, the quatrain in Thomas's final stanza (below) has the rhyming scheme of ABAA (height, pray, night, light).
refrain - A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at the end of a stanza. For example, in Thomas's poem, the refrains are "Do not go gentle into that good night" and "Rage, rage against the dying of the light."
couplet - A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. (See how the refrained lines create a couplet in the final stanza of Thomas's poem?)
Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night
BY DYLAN THOMASDo not go gentle into that good night,
Old age should burn and rave at close of day;
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
Though wise men at their end know dark is right,
Because their words had forked no lightning they
Do not go gentle into that good night.
Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright
Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight,
And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way,
Do not go gentle into that good night.
Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight
Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay,
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
And you, my father, there on the sad height,
Curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears, I pray,
Do not go gentle into that good night.
Rage, rage against the dying of the light.
Dylan Thomas, “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” from The Poems of Dylan Thomas. Copyright 1939, 1946 by New Directions Publishing Corporation. Reprinted with the permission of New Directions Publishing Corporation.
Source: The Collected Poems of Dylan Thomas (New Directions Publishing Corporation, 1957)
BONUS!! CLICK HERE to HEAR Dylan Thomas READ "Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night" in an absolutely fabulous manner (recording posted on Poetry.org).
12 comments:
A poetic form would be the Limerick. poetryfoundation.org lists the limerick as a rhyming type poem but only certain lines rhyme with each other. The example they use is AABBA.
Allusion: As poetryfoundation.org defines allusion is "A brief, intentional reference to a historical, mythic, or literary person, place, event, or movement." The example I have is of my poem (submitted for the free-verse poem) "Curiouser and Curiouser" I reference Alice and The White Rabbit from Alice in Wonderland.
Found on poetry foundation as well.
Acrostic
A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word, name, or phrase when read vertically. See Lewis Carroll’s “A Boat beneath a Sunny Sky.”
I think allegory is a term and not a form but it seems that it could be both.
Allegory
An extended metaphor in which the characters, places, and objects in a narrative carry figurative meaning. Often an allegory’s meaning is religious, moral, or historical in nature.
These terms were found on http://www.calstatela.edu/faculty/jgarret/200c-Fall03/litterms.htm, the definitions, as I had never heard of them before, were found, I admit on Wikipedia... Yes, I know Wiki is usually not a reliable source, however with regard to these terms, I felt they offered the "lay mans" description... easily understood.
Pathos: is a communication technique used most often in rhetoric (where it is considered one of the three modes of persuasion, alongside ethos and logos), and in literature, film and other narrative art. Pathos represents an appeal to the audience's emotions.
Bathos: refers to the expression of humor in a phrase, though done through the use of an incongruous or ironic combination of ideas in order to deliberately make the humorous aspect seem unintended. If the contrast is overtly intended, it may be described as Burlesque or mock-heroic. As used in English it originally referred to a particular type of bad poetry, but it is now used more broadly to cover any seemingly ridiculous artwork or performance.
THIS definition of the sublime was found on http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/patten/sublime.html:
The sublime: Longinus, writing in the classical historical tradition says that the sublime implies that man can, in emotions and in language, transcend the limits of the human condition. Longinus's approach is contradistinguished from Plato's declaration of poetic inspiration as dangerous divine madness or the poet as liar. Yet like Plato, Longinus feels that the human was the art or technical aspects, while the sublime was the "soul" or that which eluded our experience of art. In order to understand the sublime, we must have some notion of what exists beyond the human, empirical experience. Longinus explains that this "beyond" is comprehended in terms of metaphor, or in terms of what is absent from the empirical world. Our sense of the sublime is an illusion, which draws the reader to new heights, to the realization that there is something more to human life than the mundane, the ordinary. In fact, the sublime entails a kind of mystery. The sublime is that which defeats every effort of sense and imagination to picture it. It is that whose presence reduces all else to nothingness. It can be defined and described only in symbolic terms, which ironically defies the pictorial arts to sketch it. It remains only for the art of the metaphorical language of poetry to give the suggestion of the sublime.
After reading these definitions, especially that of "the sublime" I was "hooked" so to speak, even the definition of it to me was beautiful...
Cinquain:
Similar to a haiku, a cinquain is structured around a specific number of syllables for each of the 5 lines. The first and last lines have 2 syllables, the second has 4, the third 6, and the fourth 8. An example:
The hope
of steel-clad stone
The last wall in the world
a cold comfort when there's no one
But Them...
Tiolet:
A tiolet is an eight line form where 5 of those lines are repeated. The first and last two lines are identical, with the first line also being repeated as the 4th line. The 3rd and 5th line rhyme with the first, and the 6th rhymes with the second. An example:
Leave me here weeping tears of blood
From a thousand red eyes that cannot see!
Leave my corpse, hungry and alive, lurking in the mud.
Leave me here weeping tears of blood.
From a small mistake, you'll join me in the coming flood.
One mistake, it'll be you're last. That, I guarantee.
Leave me here weeping tears of blood
From a thousand red eyes that cannot see!
Anapest:
two short, unstressed words followed by one long stressed word. Ex: for the brains
For some reason, both examples ended up being about zombies. If you're having trouble finding more forms, these might help: http://thewordshop.tripod.com/forms.html
http://www.infoplease.com/spot/pmglossary1.html
This is actually from PAT HARRIS who WILL be an author before the weekend's up. He just has to settle a slight e-mail problem . . .
Pat says:
I love ode's they crack me up.
ode (d)
n.
1. A lyric poem of some length, usually of a serious or meditative nature and having an elevated style and formal stanzaic structure.
2.
a. A choric song of classical Greece, often
accompanied by a dance and performed at a public festival or as part of a drama.
b. A classical Greek poem modeled on the choric ode and usually having a three-part structure consisting of a strophe, an antistrophe, and an epode.
www.thefreedictionary.com/ode
Pindaric ode
n
(Literature / Poetry) a form of ode associated with Pindar consisting of a triple unit or groups of triple units, with a strophe and an antistrophe of identical structure followed by an epode of a different structure Often shortened to Pindaric
Collins English Dictionary ? Complete and Unabridged 6th Edition 2003. © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003
stro·phe (strf)
n.
1.
a. The first of a pair of stanzas of alternating form on which the structure of a given poem is based.
b. A stanza containing irregular lines.
2. The first division of the triad constituting a section of a Pindaric ode.
3.
a. The first movement of the chorus in classical Greek drama while turning from one side of the orchestra to the other.
b. The part of a choral ode sung while this movement is executed.
[Greek stroph, a turning, stanza, from strephein, to turn; see streb(h)- in Indo-European roots.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
an·tis·tro·phe (n-tstr-f)
n.
1. The second stanza, and those like it, in a poem consisting of alternating stanzas in contrasting metrical form.
2. The second division of the triad of a Pindaric ode, having the same stanza form as the strophe.
3.
a. The choral movement in classical Greek drama in the oppostite direction from that of the strophe.
b. The part of a choral ode sung while this movement is executed.
[Late Latin antistroph, antistrophe of Greek tragedy, from Greek, strophic correspondence, from antistrephein, to turn back : anti-, back; see anti- + strephein, to turn; see strophe.]
anti·strophic (nt-strfk) adj.
anti·strophi·cal·ly adv.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition copyright ©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Updated in 2009. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Email problems, sigh. However, it is obvious I have it corrected :)
This is what I found via the web!!! Enjoy, I know I did looking for them.
ABC poem
An ABC poem has 5 lines that create a mood, picture, or feeling. Lines 1 through 4 are made up of words, phrases or clauses - and the first word of each line is in alphabetical order from the first word. Line 5 is one sentence, beginning with any letter.
Poetry-online.org/poetry terms.htm
Example of an ABC poem:
After the
blackness fades I
cry.
Don't let the sun
erase my dream,
for it may never return.
Growing
hot
inside, my love
jerks at my
kind heart.
Love
makes me
notice the
open air
perfuming the dew,
quenching the dry morning.
Rustling leaves
sound in my ear.
Time passes
underneath my
very soul,
water leaves my eyes; her
xanthophyll complexion
yearns to be dreamt of as I
zealously close my eyes.
posted by Mr. Neibauer
http://undiscoveredpoems.blogspot.com/2005/04/abc-poem.html
Couplet
A Couplet has rhyming stanzas each made up of two lines. Shakespearean sonnets usually end in a couplet.
Poetry-online.org/poetry terms.htm
Example of a Couplet poem:
William Shakespeare
Love
TELL me where is Fancy bred,
Or in the heart or in the head?
How begot, how nourished?
Reply, reply.
It is engender'd in the eyes,
With gazing fed; and Fancy dies
In the cradle where it lies.
Let us all ring Fancy's knell:
I'll begin it,—Ding, dong, bell.
All. Ding, dong, bell.
http://www.englishverse.com/poems/love_shakespeare
Found at http://www.poeticbyway.com/gl-xyz.html
ZEUGMA (ZOOG-muh)
A figure of speech in which a single word, usually a verb or adjective, is used in the same grammatical and semantic relationship with two or more other words, as in "my father wept for woe while I for joy,"
FABLE
A brief narrative in prose or verse that illustrates a moral or teaches a lesson, usually in which animals or inanimate objects are personified with human feelings and motivations.
Sidelight: Fables in which animals speak and act as humans are sometimes called beast fables. Beast Epics are longer narratives, often satirical, written in mock-epic form.
The sonnet is one of the poetic forms that can be found in lyric poetry from Europe. The term "sonnet" derives from the Occitan word sonet and the Italian word sonetto, both meaning "little song" or "little sound". By the thirteenth century, it had come to signify a poem of fourteen lines that follows a strict rhyme scheme and specific structure. The conventions associated with the sonnet have evolved over its history. The writers of sonnets are sometimes referred to as "sonneteers," although the term can be used derisively. One of the best-known sonnet writers is William Shakespeare, who wrote 154 of them (not including those that appear in his plays). A Shakespearean, or English, sonnet consists of 14 lines, each line containing ten syllables and written in iambic pentameter, in which a pattern of an unemphasized syllable followed by an emphasized syllable is repeated five times. The rhyme scheme in a Shakespearean sonnet is a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g; the last two lines are a rhyming couplet.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnet
Iambic pentameter is one of many meters used in poetry and drama. It describes a particular rhythm that the words establish in each line. That rhythm is measured in small groups of syllables; these small groups of syllables are called "feet". ...en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iambic_pentameter
A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds in two or more words and is most often used in poetry and songs. The word "rhyme" may also refer to a short poem, such as a rhyming couplet or other brief rhyming poem such as nursery rhymes.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhyme
Okay this is where I found my poem definition..http://www.poets.org/page.php/prmID/197
Ballad: "Their subject matter dealt with religious themes, love, tragedy, domestic crimes, and sometimes even political propaganda."
And who doesn't love a good old love ballad every now and then?
I found a quite amusing term for poetry.
http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072405228/student_view0/poetic_glossary.html
Aubade: A love lyric in which a poet complains about the arrival of dawn, where he must part with his lover.
(Don't we all know the feeling)
Ballad of the Army Carts
by Tu Fu
The carts squeak and trundle, the horses whinny, the conscripts go by, each
with a bow and arrows at his waist. Their fathers, mothers, wives, and children
run along beside them to see them off. The Hsien-yang Bridge cannot be seen for
dust. They pluck at the men's clothes, stamp their feet, or stand in the way
weeping. The sound of their weeping seems to mount up to the blue sky above. A
passer-by questions the conscripts, and the conscripts reply:
``They're always mobilizing now! There are some of us who went north at
fifteen to garrison the River and who are still, at forty, being sent to the
Military Settlements in the west. When we left as lads, the village headman had
to tie our head-cloths for us. We came back white-haired, but still we have to
go back for frontier duty! On those frontier posts enough blood has flowed to
fill the sea; but the Martial Emperor's dreams of expansion remain unsatisfied.
Haven't you heard, sir, in our land of Han, throughout the two hundred
prefectures east of the mountains briers and brambles are growing in thousands
of little hamlets; and though many a sturdy wife turns her own hand at the
hoeing and ploughing, the crops grow just anywhere, and you can't see where one
field ends and the next begins? And it's even worse for the men from Ch'in.
Because they make such good fighters, they are driven about this way and that
like so many dogs or chickens.
``Though you are good enough to ask us, sir, it's not for the likes of
us to complain. But take this winter, now. The Kuan-hsi troops are not being
demobilized. The District Officers press for the land-tax, but where is it to
come from? I really believe it's a misfortune to have sons. It's actually
better to have a daughter. If you have a daughter, you can at least marry her
off to one of the neighbors; but a son is born only to end up lying in the
grass somewhere, dead and unburied. Why look, sir, on the shores of the Kokonor
the bleached bones have lain for many a long year, but no one has ever gathered
them up. The new ghosts complain and the old ghosts weep, and under the grey
and dripping sky the air is full of their baleful twitterings.''
ah, lovely! Damn - I wish I'd known of the "aubade" years ago, when I WAS leaving my lover at dawn . . . now, I have to look at my lover ALL day EVERY day - isn't there a word for that type of lyrical complaint??? ;) he he
I just wanted to say - Great job to everyone who posted! I feel absolutely enlightened and I hope you do too.
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